New Age Limits on Dependents Have Immigrant Advocates Crying Foul

Last Updated on January 24, 2019

In the dead of summer, when most people weren’t watching, a Tory government intent on beefing up its economic bona fides quietly made it more difficult for immigrants to make a new home in Canada. Thousands of young adults who used to qualify as dependents can no longer make the trip on their parents’ coattails. The move, which took effect on Aug. 1, has upset advocates for immigrants and refugees and sparked the latest round in an ongoing feud between the governing party and its critics at the Canadian Bar Association.

Until the end of July, children of new immigrants could apply as dependents until they turned 21. The new rules set the ceiling at 18. The rationale is that kids who arrive in Canada earlier can benefit from a Canadian education, and ultimately offer more to our fragile economy than their older counterparts.

The new rules disqualify those so-called freeloaders, but they reach far deeper and target 19-year-olds who might be barely out of high school, and children of potential refugees who scramble for resettlement. Federal data suggests 7,832 eligible dependents in 2012 were older than 18 years of age—about 10 per cent of all dependent children under the old definition. The only ones from that group who would now qualify are applicants between 19 and 22 who suffer from a mental or physical disability.

The government argued its case in the Canada Gazette last year. “Statistics demonstrate that older dependent children have lower economic outcomes over the long run,” read its analysis, which pointed out that 66,782 applicants in 2012 would still qualify now.

Kenney eventually moved into a different portfolio, but the policy survived, despite the waves of disagreement sparked by a second consultation last year. Sixty submissions largely opposed the change. The Canadian Council for Refugees (CCR) warned the policy would break apart families and leave defenceless dependents in unsafe conditions. Loly Rico, the CCR’s president, told Maclean’s that Conservatives who have kids ought to know better and “really don’t have a heart.” Mario Bellissimo, chair of the bar association’s national immigration law section, says a purely economic rationale allows government to exert more control over who settles in Canada, but damages the country’s immigration model because every potential dependent left behind could provide a benefit down the line. “You’re looking at economic units entering Canadian society without the societal supports that you might later have from individuals that surround you—and might support you through times of sickness, child rearing, job loss,” he says.

Kenney declined to speak to Maclean’s for this story, but Arthur Sweetman, an economics professor at McMaster University and co-author of a 2001 paper referenced in government analyses, says immigration toward the end of high school is “disruptive”: learning a new language is difficult at that time, and younger kids are better at bridging a quality gap between two countries’ education systems. But he admits older kids are often able to overcome those challenges.

It’s too early to tell how many families will be forced to split apart or build new lives elsewhere, or what the cost to our economy will be of losing skilled-worker parents. Bellissimo has only anecdotal evidence of impact on families. Rico says she’ll know more in six months. Meanwhile, the Tories seem focused on their economic message. It’s unclear how the hard-won immigrant vote will respond to the change, but the economy-first mantra is a political position the Tories plan to ride all the way to the voting booth.

Source: Macleans

Attorney Colin Singer Commentary:

These reforms are among the harshest by the current Tory Government which has dramatically changed the immigration landscape in Canada since taking power in 2006.